Theology of a Storm

Mark 4:35-41 November 1, 2020 Pastor Ricky Alcantar
Thesis It is the object of our faith—Jesus Christ—that saves us, not the strength of our faith, and Jesus reveals himself in the storm as the sovereign Lord who is with us, over the chaos, substitutionary in his suffering, and ultimately bringing peace.
Series
Type
Expository
Tone
pastoraldidacticcelebratory
Method
grammatical-historicalredemptive-historicalcanonical
What's in this sermon

The shape of the argument

38 units across exposition, application, illustration, theological claim, and conclusion. The pastor's argument is built from these moving parts.

Pastoral correction · unit #15
"The preacher applies the disciples' theological error to contemporary situations—teaching challenges during the pandemic, job insecurity, business failures, and health crises—where believers may similarly conclude that suffering means God lacks either power or care."
Doctrinal loci· 8 surfaced
Christology · 12 Providence / Sovereignty · 8 Soteriology · 7 Theology Proper · 5 Pastoral Theology · 3 Anthropology · 2 Bibliology · 1 Eschatology · 1
Bible citations· 13
Psalm 97:1 | Mark 4:35-41 | Mark 4:37 | Mark 4:35 | Mark 4:38 | Mark 4:39-40 | Mark 4:39 | Mark 4:40 | Mark 4:41 | Psalm 107 | Amos 4:13
Illustrations· 3
  1. personal story · unit #2 — A personal childhood story about intense fear of wind and storms serves to establish emotional connection with the universal human experience of fear when confronted with uncontrollable circumstances, setting up the sermon's exploration of fear and control.
  2. cultural reference · unit #10 — A cultural reference to reality television about Alaskan fishermen serves to emphasize that the disciples were precisely the kind of hardened, experienced men who normally would not panic—making their terror in this moment all the more significant.
  3. hypothetical · unit #27 — A hypothetical scenario contrasting two Passover households—one with strong faith, one with weak faith, both applying the blood—demonstrates that the object of faith (the lamb's blood), not the intensity of faith, determines salvation.
Theological claims· 6
  1. Fear functions as a theological diagnostic, exposing what we truly believe about God's character beneath our doctrinal confessions. unit #22
  2. Jesus is the Lord in the boat with us—the incarnation means God is not a detached observer of suffering but an intimate companion experiencing it alongside believers. unit #31
  3. Jesus is the Lord over the storm—Scripture reveals absolute divine sovereignty over all creation, including storms, evil intentions, and apparent chaos. unit #32
  4. A God powerful enough to be blamed for not stopping suffering is also powerful enough to have wise reasons beyond our understanding, making his will the only place of safety. unit #33
  5. Jesus is the Lord in the storm—he was thrown into the chaotic sea of judgment that we deserved, and his substitutionary death proves God's love for believers even when suffering continues. unit #34
  6. Jesus is the Lord of the calm—his miracle previews the entire biblical narrative arc from chaos to peace, promising that believers' suffering will end in eschatological rest. unit #35
Quotations· 2
"God can love somebody and still let bad things happen to them because he is God, because he knows better than they do. If you have a God great and powerful enough to be mad at, because he doesn't stop your suffering, you also have a God who's great and powerful enough to have reasons that you can't understand. If you're at the mercy of the storm, its power is unmanageable, and it doesn't love you, the only place you're safe is in the will of God." — Tim Keller (unit #27)
"For Jesus to bring calm means he has to bring balance to pressure differences and still the motion of the waves. The atmosphere cannot even bring balance to itself. Weather is its attempt to bring balance, but it always overcorrects and the sun is always heating the earth unevenly, creating more imbalances. So in essence, by calming the storm, he's bringing peace into chaos, doing what nature itself cannot even do." — Anthony (unit #31)
Read it

Full transcript

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0 · The preacher opens by acknowledging the congregation's likely preoccupation with election-related anxiety and immediately reframes the moment with a theological assertion from Psalm 97:1 about God's reign, establishing that God's sovereignty is the lens through which to view current events

That's me. All right, well, good morning. My name is Ricky, and this week, in a week where the upcoming election on every level has been in the news lately, as we've discussed at length, probably the various twists and turns of our city and county governance structure, I am grateful for Psalm 97:1, which says, the Lord reigns. Let the earth rejoice. Amen.

1 · A structural signal indicating the move from opening remarks to the primary text reading

Amen. We're going to turn to Mark chapter 4 today. Mark chapter 4.

2 · A personal childhood story about intense fear of wind and storms serves to establish emotional connection with the universal human experience of fear when confronted with uncontrollable circumstances, setting up the sermon's exploration of fear and control

Now, I'm going to share something from my childhood, one of my traumas. And after you hear it, you may think, 'Okay, Ricky, come on.' As a kid, one of the most traumatic things that happened to me repeatedly was what Freddie was afraid of. Storms. As a kid, I was deathly afraid of storms. Specifically, I was afraid of the wind. And it was not uncommon for me, for my mom to find me staring out in our backyard, looking at the backyard, whispering to myself that the swings were moving, a storm was coming, right? And so if you think like, that kid's gonna need some help later in life, it was probably me. Any kid that's living staring out the back of their house, whispering to themselves that a storm is coming as he watches swings move. He's probably gonna need some help. And they would've been right. As a kid, that was the worst to me. And I had a complex system for measuring the wind level in my backyard. Level 1 was if the swings were moving, didn't take a whole lot, but that always leads to level 2, the trees moving, and it never stops there. Level 3, Level 3 was probably the bushes shaking. Level 4 was if, I remember thinking, if the basketball, you know, backboard thing that we've got in our backyard, if that sunk into the concrete starts moving, it's a hurricane. That's a hurricane coming. Now, my parents tried to repeatedly explain to me as a child, El Paso is not set up for tornadoes or hurricanes or typhoons. Did nothing to help me, right? They could get maps out, they could be like, 'This is the ocean, this is us. Do you see this, Ricky?' I don't care. We're gonna die. And so, you know, as a kid, I remember laying in my bed, listening to the wind go, shh, and of course they gave me, they put my bedroom on the windy side of the house. And we were in this cul-de-sac and we're off the mountain and the wind would come off the mountain and then whistle by my room and I would just sit there freaked out. Now, as an adult, I look back and think, okay, come on, kid, like, get it together here. But I realized there's a kernel of that fear that we all have. The kernel of like why I was afraid in that moment was that I was a very organized kid. I liked things to be in control. I had boxes for my Legos and other stuff that I had, my toys. I wanted things to be organized. And storms and wind were one of those things where I realized, I can't control that. I can't organize that. I can't make that kind of organizable in my life. It just is way outside of my control. And I think even for us as adults, maybe this week has brought this out for you, we fear when circumstances far exceed our control. We fear being overwhelmed or having something come out of nowhere, knock us down, and us not knowing what is next.

3 · The preacher explicitly frames the sermon's resolution: the text will reveal that lacking control is acceptable because believers possess something superior to control itself

But our passage today has good news for us. Our passage today brings us the good news that it's okay that we are not in control because we have something better than being in control.

4 · The full reading of Mark 4:35-41 establishes the narrative foundation for the entire sermon—Jesus commanding the disciples to cross the sea, the life-threatening storm, Jesus sleeping, the disciples' accusatory question, Jesus calming the storm with a word, and the disciples' fear-filled question about Jesus' identity

Mark chapter 4, verse 35. This is God's word. On that day, when evening had come, he, Jesus, said to them, 'Let us go across to the other side.' And leaving the crowd, they took him with them in the boat just as he was. And other boats were with him. And a great windstorm arose, and the waves were breaking into the boat so that the boat was already filling. But he was in the stern asleep on the cushion. And they woke him and said to him, 'Teacher, do you not care that we are perishing?' And he awoke and rebuked the wind and said to the sea, 'Peace, be still.' And the wind ceased, and there was a great calm. And he said to them, 'Why are you so afraid? Have you still no faith?' And they were filled with great fear and said to one another, 'Who then is this, that even the wind and the sea obey him?' This is God's Word.

5 · The preacher announces the sermon's structural framework: four questions embedded in the text will organize the exposition

Well, we're going to walk through the text today with 4 questions that are in the text.

Where this fits

Recent preaching context

The three sermons immediately preceding this one in the preaching schedule.

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Discuss · apply · pray

Small-group discussion

6 questions for your group this week

  1. In Mark 4:38, the disciples wake Jesus during the storm and ask, 'Don't you care that we're perishing?' What does that question reveal about what the disciples believed—or didn't believe—about Jesus in that moment?
    Mark 4:38
    → When you face a storm in your own life, what version of that question do you find yourself asking God?
  2. Jesus responds to the disciples' fear not by immediately calming the storm, but by asking, 'Why are you so afraid? Do you still have no faith?' What's the difference between having no faith and having weak faith, and why does that distinction matter?
    Mark 4:40
  3. The sermon argues that the object of our faith matters more than the strength of our faith. In what ways have you experienced or witnessed the difference between trusting in the strength of your own trust versus trusting in who Jesus actually is?
  4. According to the sermon, Jesus is the Lord 'in' the storm—meaning he endured the judgment and chaos we deserved through his death. How does knowing that Jesus has already been 'thrown into the sea' on our behalf change the way you experience your own storms?
    → Does this reality make your current suffering easier to bear, or does it raise new questions for you? What are those questions?
  5. The sermon identifies four ways Jesus reveals himself: in the boat with us, over the storm, in the storm (substitutionary), and as the Lord who brings final calm. Which of these four aspects speaks most directly to a fear or anxiety you're carrying right now, and why?
  6. Mark 4:41 says the disciples asked each other, 'Who is this? Even the wind and the waves obey him.' What would it look like for your group to ask that question with seriousness this week—to let the storms you're facing actually teach you who Jesus is rather than just survive them?
    Mark 4:41
    → What's one way you could remind yourself this week that you're in the boat with the Lord who is over the storm?
Draft · pending review
Daily readings · Monday–Friday

5-day reading plan

This week we walk through Jesus's revelation of himself in the storm—as the Lord with us, over us, in our suffering, and bringing us to final peace.

Monday Psalm 97:1

The psalmist declares that the Lord reigns, and the earth is full of righteousness—even when clouds and darkness surround his throne. This is the foundation: chaos is not outside God's rule. When we read Mark 4 and see the disciples terrified in the boat, we're looking at a storm that God permitted, God sustained, and God will command. The sovereignty is total.

Tuesday Psalm 107

Psalm 107 tells the story of people crying out to God in their distress—their fear reveals that they have forgotten who God is and what he's promised. The disciples in the boat knew Jesus's power; they'd seen him cast out demons and heal the sick. But fear made them ask, 'Don't you care?' Fear always asks the question we're secretly believing. What does your fear tell you about what you actually believe about God?

Wednesday Amos 4:13

Amos declares that the Lord forms the mountains and creates the wind—he is the God of cosmic power, utterly transcendent. Yet in Mark 4, this same God climbs into a boat with twelve terrified men and sleeps beside them in the storm. The incarnation is the staggering truth: infinite power chose to be finite, to be present, to suffer with us. God did not send a representative. He came himself.

Thursday Mark 4:35-41 (primary text revisited for substitution)

When Jesus asks the disciples, 'Do you still have no faith?'—he is not condemning them but calling them to see that the same Lord who will be thrown into the depths on their behalf is in the boat with them now. Every storm in our lives is met by a Savior who voluntarily went to the cross, experiencing the chaos and judgment we deserve. His death in our place is the ultimate proof that God cares, even when he doesn't stop the storm.

Friday Psalm 97:1 (eschatological angle)

The miracle in the boat is not just a display of power—it's a preview of the end. One day, when Jesus returns, he will command the final storm, and there will be no more chaos, no more fear, no more waves. The peace he speaks in Mark 4:39 is the same peace he promises at the renewal of all things. Our suffering now is real, but it is not final. The Lord of the calm is coming.

Draft · pending review
Pray together this week

Prayer: The Lord in Our Storm

Father, we come before you in awe of your character—you are the Lord who rides on the wings of the wind, who stills the storm with a word, and who is never absent from your people in their deepest fear. We confess that when the waves rise around us, our first instinct is to doubt your presence and your care. Like the disciples in the boat, we cry out, 'Don't you care?'—and in that question we expose what we truly believe about you beneath our Sunday confessions. Forgive us for the times we have treated you as a distant observer rather than the Lord who is with us in the chaos.

And yet here is the good news: you have shown us in Jesus that you are not only powerful enough to command the storm, but loving enough to enter into it. You are the Lord in the boat with us, the one who has endured the judgment we deserve, the one who suffered so that we might know your presence in our suffering. Jesus Christ is the object of our faith—not the strength of our faith, but Jesus himself. And because he is faithful, our weak faith is sufficient. Because he is sovereign, our fear cannot separate us from his care.

We ask you, Father, to reorient our hearts this week. When fear rises, teach us to look not inward to measure the adequacy of our trust, but outward and upward to Jesus in the boat. Give us grace to believe that your silence is not your absence, that your delay is not your indifference, and that your will—even in the storm—is the only safe place to rest. And as we wait for the final calm, the day when all suffering ends, strengthen us with the promise that the Lord of the storm is also the Lord of the peace that follows.

To you alone, O God—Father, Son, and Holy Spirit—be all glory, honor, and trust. Amen.

Draft · pending review
Sunday-evening family table

Who Do You Trust When You're Scared?

For the parent

This prompt invites your family to connect Jesus calming the storm with the real storms (worry, fear, uncertainty) they face this week. Listen for what your kids actually believe about God when they're afraid—that's the diagnostic Jesus is after.

In the boat, the disciples were so scared they thought Jesus didn't care about them. But Jesus was right there the whole time. This week, what's a storm you're facing—something that makes you worried or afraid? And how do you know Jesus cares about you in that storm?
Works for ages 7+. Younger kids may need help naming their worry; older kids and teens will go deeper into what 'Jesus cares' actually means to them.
Draft · pending review
Couples · three questions over coffee

Jesus in the Storm

  1. What storm—worry, loss, uncertainty—did you feel the sermon speaking into this week, and what did it stir in your heart to hear that Jesus is in the boat with you?
  2. Where do you tend to doubt that Jesus cares or is paying attention when life feels chaotic, and how can you two remind each other this week that his faithfulness—not the strength of your faith—is what holds you?
  3. What is one thing you could pray for your spouse today: that they would feel Jesus's presence in whatever storm they're facing, or that they would rest in his sovereignty when they're tempted to fear?
Draft · pending review
Memory verse this week

Mark 4:40

He said to them, 'Why are you so afraid? Have you still no faith?'

Why this verse: This verse captures the sermon's central thesis: Jesus reveals that fear exposes what we truly believe about God, and the solution is not the strength of our faith but faith placed in the right object—Jesus himself. It is the diagnostic question that opens the pathway to understanding Jesus as Lord in the boat, over the storm, and ultimately our peace.

Draft · pending review
Where this was preached

About the church

Cross of Grace Church
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# Cross of Grace Church

A church preaching expository sermons through the books of the Bible.

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